What is a safe method of thawing frozen food?

Thawing frozen food in a microwave or refrigerator is considered a safe method because it maintains the temperature of the food within safe limits, thereby minimizing the risk of bacterial growth. When food is thawed in the refrigerator, it stays at a constant and safe temperature, typically below 40°F (4°C), which is critical for preventing the growth of pathogens.

Using a microwave is also safe as long as the food is cooked immediately after thawing, to ensure any bacteria that may have begun to grow during the thawing process are eliminated. This method is particularly useful for smaller items or when time is limited, and it allows for immediate cooking of the food, further reducing the risk of foodborne illness.

In contrast, other methods such as thawing at room temperature, under hot water, or in a sink of warm water can allow food to reach temperatures that are conducive to bacterial growth, posing serious health risks. These methods are not recommended by food safety guidelines.